Discussion: Changes that occur in adulthood

Discussion: Changes that occur in adulthood

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Discussion: Changes that occur in adulthood

1. All of the following are common changes that occur in adulthood except

1. midlife transitions.
2. divorce.
3. menopause.D. life reviews. 

   2. Sabrina, Ali, and Jasmine are discussing the differences between central route processing and peripheral route processing. Jasmine believes that peripheral route processing is what results when a person thoughtfully considers the issues and arguments involved in a persuasive argument. Ali says central route processing is when a person is persuaded by factors irrelevant or extraneous to the issue. Sabrina insists they’ve both got the definitions mixed up. Who is correct?

1. Sabrina
2. Jasmine
3. Ali and Jasmine
4. Sabrina and Ali 

   3. Prozac, Celexa, Zoloft, Paxil, and Lexapro are common drugs used to treat

1. depression.
2. psychosis.
3. obsessive compulsive disorder.
4. anxiety. 

   4. Behavioral therapy would employ all of the following treatment techniques except

1. aversive conditioning.
2. exposure treatment.
3. meditation.
4. systematic desensitization. 

   5. What would be the best type of schedule to enforce a slow, steady response?

1. Fixed-ratio
2. Variable-ratio
3. Fixed-interval
4. Variable-interval 

   6. The startle reflex occurs when

1. a baby’s cheek is rubbed and he/she seeks to nurse.
2. a baby’s toes fan out when his/her foot is stroked.
3. a baby flings out his/her arms and legs at a sudden noise.
4. a baby cries when he/she hears a stranger’s voice. 

   7. Bandura’s Bobo Doll experiment demonstrated

1. obedience.
2. social identity.
3. ethnocentricity.
4. observational learning. 

   8. According to Maslow, we pass through a hierarchy, and the _______ stage is where people meet their highest potential.

1. safety
2. esteem
3. love and belonging
4. self-actualization 

   9. All of the following are valid methods of coping with stress except for

1. changing your goals.
2. learned helplessness.
3. eustress.
4. blue lining. 

   10. According to the textbook, the worst parents are those who are

1. authoritarian.
2. authoritative.
3. permissive.
4. uninvolved. 

   11. How often is the following statement true? To successfully conduct experimental research, it’s important to have signed informed consents from participants.

1. The statement is always true.
2. The statement is true occasionally.
3. The statement is true most of the time.
4. The statement is false. 

   12. Insomnia affects approximately _______ percent of people and nearly _______ million people suffer from sleep apnea.

1. 20; 30
2. 30; 10
3. 10; 20
4. 30; 20 

   13. What are the purposes of dreams, according to Freud?

1. Neither
2. Both
3. Dreams for survival
4. Unconscious wish fulfillment 

   14. According to the DSM-IV-TR and your text, several different mental disorders are currently recognized. Which symptoms and subcategories are correctly aligned?

1. Dissociative disorders: multiple personality disorder, dissociative amnesia, and dissociative fugue
2. Mood disorders: disorganized, paranoid, catatonic, and undifferentiated
3. Somatoform disorders: generalized anxiety, panic, obsessive compulsive disorder, and PTSD
4. Schizophrenia: hypochondriasis and conversion disorder 

   15. The endocrine system is a chemical communication system that sends messages throughout the body via the

1. hormones.
2. nerves.
3. bloodstream.
4. glands. 

   16. The following are all correct types of memory except

1. procedural.
2. episodic.
3. memosodic.
4. semantic. 

   17. All of the following are examples of types of influences we encounter except

1. compliance.
2. obedience.
3. conformity.
4. schema. 

   18. There are different types of perspectives on psychological disorders. Which perspective is defined correctly?

1. Behavioral, which assumes that there is a physiological cause to psychological disorders
2. Cognitive, which assumes people’s thoughts and beliefs are central to psychological disorders
3. Psychoanalytical, which assumes that behaviors are shaped by family, society, and culture
4. Sociological, which assumes abnormal behaviors are learned 

   19. Jason and Tom are having a discussion about Kohlberg and Gilligan, who differed in their opinions.

   Jason says Kohlberg’s theory centered on levels and morality, while Tom says Gilligan’s theory centered on women’s compassion and men’s justice. Who is correct?

1. Both Jason and Tom are correct.
2. Only Jason is correct.
3. Neither Jason nor Tom is correct.
4. Only Tom is correct. 

   20. Smoking even though you know there is a great chance of getting cancer is a good example of

1. schema.
2. cognitive dissonance.
3. social cognition.
4. attribution theory.